A central bank has a policy of intervening in the market for its government’s debt to ensure 10-year, zero-coupon bond yields stay within the range of 2% to 4%. Assume the zero-coupon bonds have a par value of 100 units. Explain clearly what enforcing this policy requires the central bank to do. (including bond prices relevant for implementing this policy, and comments on the credibility of the policy at the 2% bound and at the 4% bound.)
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A central bank has a policy of intervening in the market for its government’s debt to ensure 10-year, zero-coupon bond yields stay within the range of 2% to 4%. Assume the zero-coupon bonds have a par value of 100 units. Explain clearly what enforcing this policy requires the central bank to do. (including
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- 8. Suppose one of the ratings agencies (S&P, Moody's, Fitch) upgrades the rating of a bond from BBB to AA. a. How will this affect demand for the bond? b. How will the affect the price of the bond? C. How will the affect the cost of borrowing for the company that issues those bonds? 9. Suppose the price of a $100,000 bond falls from $98,000 to $97,000. What is the interest rate on a one-year $100,000 bond that sells for $98,000? b. What is the interest rate on a one-year $100,000 bond that sells for $97,000? a.Suppose the Fed conducts an open marketpurchase by buying $10 million in Treasurybonds from Acme Bank. Sketch out thebalance sheet changes that will occur asAcme converts the bond sale proceeds tonew loans. The initial Acme bank balancesheet contains the following information:Assets – reserves 30, bonds 50, and loans 50;Liabilities – deposits 100 and equity 30.Assume a bank can invest in a government bonds at a risk-free rate of 5.6%. Alternatively, it can invest in a corporate bond with a default probability of 6.5%. If the issuer defaults, the bank expects to recover 28.3% of the investment. A risk-averse bank that requires an additional premium of 2.9% as a result of risk aversion would be indifferent between investing in the government bond and the corporate bond if the corporate bond offers a rate of __________. Calculate the answer by read surrounding text. %. Round to the nearest 0.01%, drop the % symbol. E.g., if your answer is 0.10245 or 10.245%, record it as 10.25.
- 4. We can define bond as a financial device through which a borrower (a firm or government) is obligated to pay the principal and interest on a loan at specific dates in the future. Answer questions relating to interest rates and bond prices using the following information: The price of a bond with no expiration date is $1000 and its fixed annual interest payment is $50; bond annual rate of interest is 5%. (a) If the price of this bond decreases by $250 to $750, what will its effective interest rate be for the new buyer? %, because (b) If the price of this bond increases to $1200, what will its effective interest rate be for the new buyer? (c) When bond prices go up from (a) to (b), interest rates go (up, down, nowhere). %, becauseSuppose the Federal Reserve sells a $3000 bond, and the reserve ratio maintained by all private banks is 20%. Assume that all loans are fully redeposited (zero “cash drains”) and that all deposits are checkable deposits. Determine the effect of the bond sale on total loans and deposits in the private banks. Explain in detail how these changes would occur. Illustrate the total result of the effects in part (1) using balance sheets for the consolidated private banks and the Federal Reserve, respectively. Discuss how the effects in part (1) would be different if: (i) the reserve ratio was 25% instead of 20%; (ii) a certain portion of loans were held as cash outside banks instead of being redeposited in the banks.An investor has two alternatives: AAA-rated corporate bond or Turkish Government Treasury bond. But the investor is not sure what rate of interest these two bonds should pay. Assume that the real risk-free rate of interest is 1.5%; inflation is expected to be 2.5%; the maturity risk premium is 3.5%; and, the default risk premium for AAA rated corporate bonds is 5.5%. a) What is the "Rate of interest for the AAA-rated corporate bond" ? b) What is the "Rate of interest for the Turkish Government Treasury bond"?
- Please see attached. Definitions: Yield to maturity (YTM) is the return the bond holder receives on the bond if held to maturity. Treasury note is a U.S. government bond with a maturity of between two and ten years. Current yield is the annual bond coupon payment divided by the current price.Suppose the Fed conducts an open market purchase by buying $10 million in Treasury bonds from Acme Bank. Sketch out the balance sheet changes that will occur as Acme converts the bond sale proceeds to new loans. The initial Acme bank balance sheet contains the following information: Assets – reserves 30, bonds 50, and loans 50; Liabilities – deposits 300 and equity 30.Suppose the returns on long-term government bonds are normally distributed. Assume long-term government bonds have a mean return of 6.1 percent and a standard deviation of 9.8 percent. What is the approximate probability that your return on these bonds will be less than −3.7 percent in a given year? Use the NORMDIST function in Excel® to answer this question. Note: Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answer as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. What range of returns would you expect to see 95 percent of the time? Note: A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Enter your answers from lowest to highest. Do not round intermediate calculations and enter your answers as a percent rounded to 2 decimal places, e.g., 32.16. What range would you expect to see 99 percent of the time? Note: A negative answer should be indicated by a minus sign. Enter your answers from lowest to highest. Do not round intermediate calculations and enter…
- From page 9-2 of the VLN, what is the first thing you want to identify when approaching a bond problem? Group of answer choices A. Annual bond or semiannual bond B. Whether the market rate is different from the stated rate. C. The cash flows provided by the bond. D. The company's debt to equity ratio.A bank has issued a six-month, $1.0 million negotiable CD with a 0.53 percent quoted annual interest rate (iCD, sp). a. Calculate the bond equivalent yield and the EAR on the CD. b. How much will the negotiable CD holder receive at maturity? c. Immediately after the CD is issued, the secondary market price on the $1 million CD falls to $998,900. Calculate the new secondary market quoted yield, the bond equivalent yield, and the EAR on the $1.0 million face value CD. Required A: Bond Equivalent Yield ___ EAR____ (Use 365 days in a year. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 3 decimal places.) Required B: CD Holder will receive at maturity_____(Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answer to nearest whole number.) Required C: Bond Equivalent Yield____ Secondary Market Quoted Yield______ EAR_____ (Use 365 days in a year. Do not round intermediate calculations. Round your answers to 4 decimal places.Fixed-income securities consist of debt instruments and preferred stock. Bonds are debt securities in which a borrower promises to pay a specified interest rate and principal at a future date. Which of the following types of bonds have the least default risk? Municipal bonds Corporate bonds Treasury bonds Based on the information given in the following statement, answer the questions that follow: In July 2009, Hungary successfully issued 1 billion euros in bonds. The transaction was managed by Citigroup. Who is the issuer of the bonds? Citigroup The Hungarian government Hungary Bank What type of bonds are these? Government bonds Corporate bonds Municipal bonds