Amy must decide whether or not to make an investment that costs 1. The investment pays a return of 5, but is risky to Amy because Bill must be given charge of the asset if it is to be productive. If Amy invests, then Bill must decide whether to keep the entire return for himself, or to split the return, giving 3 to Amy and keeping 2 for himself. (Amy pays the cost 1 even if Bill does not pay her back.) If Amy does not invest, then both players get 0. This is called a trust game because Amy wants to invest only if she trusts Bill to pay her back.
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Amy must decide whether or not to make an investment that costs 1. The investment pays a return of 5, but is risky to Amy because Bill must be given charge of the asset if it is to be productive. If Amy invests, then Bill must decide whether to keep the entire return for himself, or to split the return, giving 3 to Amy and keeping 2 for himself. (Amy pays the cost 1 even if Bill does not pay her back.) If Amy does not invest, then both players get 0. This is called a trust game because Amy wants to invest only if she trusts Bill to pay her back.
(a) Model this as an extensive-form game
(b) What is the strategic-form corresponding to your extensive-form?
(c) Find all of the Nash equilibria. Which are the subgame-perfect?
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- You are considering two options for your next family vacation. You can visit Disney World or Chicago. Your utility from Disney World is 100 if the weather is clear, and 0 if it rains. Chicago is worth a utility of 70 if the weather is clear and a utility of 40 if the weather is rainy. Also assume that the chance of rain at Disney World is going to be 50% and the chance of rain in Chicago is 40%. As a utility maximizer, should you plan to go to Disney World or Chicago? (Explain using relevant equations)Cost-Benefit Analysis Suppose you can take one of two summer jobs. In the first job as a flight attendant, with a salary of $5,000, you estimate the probability you will die is 1 in 40,000. Alternatively, you could drive a truck transporting hazardous materials, which pays $12,000 and for which the probability of death is 1 in 10,000. Suppose that you're indifferent between the two jobs except for the pay and the chance of death. If you choose the job as a flight attendant, what does this say about the value you place on your life?Amy likes to go fast in her new Mustang GT. Their utility function over wealth is v(w) where w is wealth. If Amy goes fast she gets an increase in utility equal to F. But when Amy drives fast, she is more likely to crash: when she drives fast the probability of a crash is 10%, but when she obeys the speed limit, the probability of a crash is only 5%. Amy's car is worth $2000 unless she crashes, in which case it is worth $0. If Amy doesn't have insurance, driving fast isn't worth the risk, so she will alway obey the speed limit. If Amy is offered an insurance contract with full insurance for a premium P with the deductible D, which of the inequalites below is her incentive compatibility constraint that makes sure that she will still obey the speed limit even when she is fully insured? 0.05U(2000 – P – D) + 0.95U(2000 – P) > 0.05U(0 – P – D + 2000) + 0.95U(2000 – P) 0.05U(2000 – P – D) + 0.95U(2000 – P) > 0.1(U(2000 – P – D) + F) + 0.90(U(2000 – P) + F) 0.05U(2000 – P – D) + 0.95U(2000)…
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- 6) Leia has $11,000 and she wants to invest in financial market. There are two types of assets. The first one guarantees 0.1 percent return next year. The second one is a risky asset which will yield 0.5 percent return in good times and 0.4 percent of loss in bad times. Suppose the chance of good and bad times is half-half and Leia's utility function is U(Y) = Y 0.5 a). What is the expected utility if she invest in the first asset? b). What is the expected utility if she invest in the second asset? Will Leia chooses the first or the second asset? c). Suppose that Leia can purchase a financial insurance which cost her $100 and cover all her lost when bad times happen. Will she purchase this insurance?PATTS is deciding which of the two investments to take. Option A, total costs = $75,000,000 and the expected benefits = $95,000,000. Option B, total costs = $36,000,000 and the expected benefits = $60,000,000. Which option PATTS should choose?You and your roomate are deciding whether to go to a party or not on Friday. Going to the party is fun and gives a benefit of 4. If you go to the party, there is a 50% chance you will get covid. If you do not attend the party but your roommate does and gets covid, there is 80% chance that you will get covid. The impact of getting covid is -10. If both of you stay home, you will not be exposed to covid and will not have fun, leading to a payoff of 0 for both of you. 3. Construct a game matrix based on the description above and find any (c) Nash equilibria. How would your answer change if one roomate was less social and enjoyed (d) partying less than the other? Change the payoff matrix in a way that is both consistent with one roommate being less social than the other and changes the prediction you found in (a). (Note: if you found multiple possible equilibria in (a), changing the outcome could mean either making one of your prior Nash equilbria the only Nash equilibrium or making an…
- Two partners start a business. Each has two possible strategies, spend full time or secretly take a second job and spend only part time on the business. Any profits that the business makes will be split equally between the two partners, regardless of whether they work full time or part time for the business. If a partner takes a second job, he will earn $20,000 from this job plus his share of profits from the business. If he spends full time on the business, his only source of income is his share of profits from this business. If both partners spend full time on the business, total profits will be $200,000. If one partner spends full time on the business and the other takes a second job, the business profits will be $80,000. If both partners take second job, the total business profits are $20,000. a) This game has no pure strategy Nash equilibria, but has a mixed strategy equilibrium. b) This game has two Nash equilibria, one in which each partner has an income of $100,000 and one in…Sam, after taking a $200 loan from the bank to finance an investment that pays $1000 50% of the time and $0 50% of the time at a 100% interest, discovers another riskier investment that pays out $5,000 but only 10% of the time, while the other 90% of the time it pays zero. Would the he want to switch to the riskier investment? Question 4 options: Yes because his return has increased No because his liability to the bank has increased No because his return has decreased None of the abovePublic Good Contribution: Three players live in a town, and each can choose to contribute to fund a streetlamp. The value of having the streetlamp is 3 for each player, and the value of not having it is 0. The mayor asks each player to contribute either 1 or nothing. Each player makes a decision without knowing others’ contributions. If at least two players contribute then the lamp will be erected. If one player or no players contribute then the lamp will not be erected, in which case any person who contributed will not get his money back. Write down the strategy sets of each player, their payoffs, and find all pure-strategy Nash equilibria.