The shaft is rotating at 650 rpm, and it receives 7.5 hp through a flexible coupling. The power is delivered to an adjacent shaft through a single helical gear B having a normal pressure angle of 20° and a helix angle of 15°. The pitch diameter for the gear is 4.141 in. A spacer is used to position the gear relative to bearing C. The thrust load is taken at bearing A. Determine the torque delivered to the shaft and the forces on the helical gear. T = 726.92 in-lb, WIB = 351.09 lb, WrB = 132.29 lb, Wx = 94.07 lb WxB Mating worm not shown WB WB Spacer B WIB Flexible coupling DB = 4.141 in WIB = 351 lb WIB = 132 lb WXB = 94 lb Helical gear Problem 10-Determine the shaft diameter at B (seat of gear B). A profile keyway is provided for the mounting of the gear. The shaft material is to be C1030, as rolled. Use a size factor of 0.90 and reliability of 99%. Design factor N is 3. DB =

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Combined Loading

Any functioning component, such as machine parts, structural members, pressure vessels, and so on, are all under the influence of more than one force. When anybody is under the influence of more than one force such as shear forces, bending moments, axial forces, torsion, and so on, then such body is said to be under combined loading. A very practical example of combined loading is the crankshaft of an internal combustion engine (IC engine). The crankshaft of the IC engine is under high rpm, which is caused due to the torsional forces. Due to the presence of piston, counterbalances, and internal imbalances, the crankshaft experiences lateral forces and due to the rise in temperature, the crankshaft undergoes thermal expansion, which pulls the crankshaft along the axial direction and lateral direction. The presence of unbalanced loads along the periphery of the crankshaft also induces a bending moment.