What is a homolog? With regard to genes and alleles, how arehomologs similar to and different from each other?

Q: Draw a basket mutant embryo. What does basket encode? Why do the mutant embryos have this phenotype?

A: A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. Mutations can result from mistakes in DNA…

Q: What is the difference between orthologous genes and paralogous genes?

A: The gene families require the new terms that describe the relationship among the genes that…

Q: What are polyribosomes?

A: Introduction During active translation, many ribosomes are attached to the mRNA thread, forming a…

Q: What is a homologous pair (also called a tetrad)?

A: The chromatid is the newly synthesized copy of the original chromosome that is attached to it with…

Q: What is meant by a sexlinked gene?

A: Chromosomes are filamentous bodies present in the nucleus. They are composed of DNA…

Q: Which are the principle that appears to have been built into the genome structure of all…

A: The complete set of the gene of a particular organism is called its genome.  It is a combination of…

Q: What is meant by a gene interaction? How can a gene interactionbe explained at the molecular level?

A: Genes come in pairs and are responsible for the inheritance and expression of the associated…

Q: What is the pseudoautosomal region? How does the inheritance of traits encoded by genes in this…

A: The male chromosome has a single X chromosome and a Y chromosome. Y chromosome is acrocentric and…

Q: how Ordered Tetrads Help Locate Genesin Relation to the Centromere?

A: A gene is a stretch of nucleotides present in the DNA. DNA or deoxyribonucleic acid is a polymer of…

Q: In a genomic comparison between humans and yeast, what geneswould you expect to be similar?

A: Saccharomyces cerevisiae  is otherwise called as bakers yeast. It is an eukaryotic organism with…

Q: What is the difference between a pseudogene and a gene? AND What is a dead gene?

A: Pseudogenes are inheritable genetic elements that are similar to functional genes but are…

Q: What is the function of a gene (FOXP2) that is rapidly evolving in the human lineage?

A: The FOXP2 gene is responsible for providing the instructions for making a protein known as forkhead…

Q: How do translocations such as the Philadelphia chromosome contribute to cancer?

A: Translocations generate novel chromosomes, a segment from one chromosome is transferred to a…

Q: What is the genetic basis that causes the symptoms of Downsyndrome?

A: Genetic diseases can be defined as the diseases which is cause due to the change in the genetic…

Q: How are homologs similar to each other and how arethey different?

A: Recombination and random segregation of genetic material from the mother and father into new cells…

Q: What causes genetic divergence?

A: Genetic divergence is a process in which the two or more populations having the same ancestral…

Q: . What is aneuploidy? Differentiate between aneuploidy and polyploid

A: Aneuploidy Aneuploids differ from standard 2n chromosome complements in single chromosomes. These…

Q: What is Structure and expression of a typicaleukaryotic gene?

A: Gene expression is a complex process that is mediated by several processes. There are around 20,000…

Q: what is structural gene and what is non-structural gene? what is the differences between them?

A: Introduction Genetics is the branch of science that deals with genetic material like genome, genes,…

Q: What DNA sequence feature is required for a G-quadruplex to form?

A: G-quadruplex formed are formed in telomeric sequences which are highly polymorphic. A four repeat…

Q: What do jumping genes do?

A: Some gene present in the genome are able to change their position within a particular cell are…

Q: How is the age of a cell predicted by its telomeric sequences?

A: Telomers are DNA sequences that are present at the end of the chromosomes. They are non-functional…

Q: What are paralogous and orthologous genes? What are some of the explanations for the finding that…

A: Thus, a gene is a fundamental unit of inheritance, carrying coded information associated with a…

Q: a. What is(are) the difference(s) between orthologs and paralogs? b. What are the main sources of…

A: Orthologs are homologs from different species that catalyse the same enzyme, while paralogs are…

Q: What is the difference between a paralog and an ortholog?

A: Phylogeny: It is the study of relationships among different organisms and their evolutionary…

Q: What is a centromere made up of and Where is a centromere located?

A: Centromere is a part of eukaryotic chromosomes. It helps the chromosome to bind with spindle fibre.

Q: At the molecular level, what is a gene? Where are genes located?

A: Gene at the molecular level can be explained by the nucleotide sequence present in the nucleic…

Q: What is a multigene family? What processes produce multigene families?

A: Genes are the units of heredity that are transmitted through generations. Genes contain the genetic…

Q: What are the mainconventional symbols andsigns used in genetic familytrees?

A: The basic principles of inheritance as applicable to all other living organisms are equally…

Q: centromeres consist which two sequences?

A: Centromere is the region in a chromosome that connects the sister chromatids together. Chromosome is…

Q: What are genomic variants?

A: The term variant is often used to refer to a specific region of the genome which differs between two…

Q: What is a Nucleoid and where is it found?

A: Prokaryotes are single-celled organisms and do not have a separate nucleus. These include archaea…

Q: What is the central idea of “Fancy Feather Gene”?

A: A gene is  a basic physical unit of heredity are are made up of DNA .They explain how organism…

Q: If two chromosomes of a species are the same length and have similar centromere placements and yet…

A: Chromosomes are carriers of genetic information. They are the physical units that transfer genetic…

Q: What is morphological expression of a gene called?

A: Genes as we know are the factors that are responsible for carrying traits from parents to offspring.…

Q: What are chromosomes that carry a mix of alleles derived from different homologs?

A: The thread-like structure present inside the nucleus of organisms is called a chromosome. It is…

Q: hat are split genes? Describe.

A: The basic physical and functional unit of heredity is the gene. DNA is the material that makes up…

Q: Is polyploidy a mutation?

A: Polyploidy may be defined as the addition of multiple sets of chromosomes inside an organism which…

Q: In which chromosome gene 5-HTT locates?

A: Chromosomes are defined as the structures that are present in the nucleus of the cell which carries…

Q: Are the epsilon (ε) and beta (β) genes on chromosome 11 orthologs or paralogs? Explain your answer.

A: Chromosomes are long thread-like structures that carry coded genetic information in the form of DNA.…

Q: What are homologs and when did they separate?

A: Cell division is a process in which a cell splits into daughter cells. In the process of cell…

Q: What mechanism generates a gene family?

A: Gene family is a set of many similar gene. An example of gene family in humans is the genes for…

Q: How are nucleic acds linked to heredity?

A: Nucleic acid is a name for - RNA and DNA and they are important for all forms of life. Let's…

Q: How do the egl-1 and pos-1 phenotypes interact? Do you think this is a meaningful genetic…

A: Caenorhabditis elegans, a nematode is a useful genetic model to study RNA interference technique…

Q: What is a gene superfamily? What are genes made of? What family gene means? Why are…

A: Genes are present on the chromosomes. A gene is considered to control the inheritance of one…

Q: what is Robertsonian translocations ?

A: A chromosomal abnormality or chromosomal disorder is a missing, extra, or irregular portion of…

Q: What is molecular homoplasy?

A: Evolution is the process of change in characteristics of an organism that are a result of the…

Q: What are Orthologues and How do you know if you have orthologs??

A: Speciation is the evolutionary process, which results in evolution of two or more different species.…

Q: What are the structural genes?

A: The genes are considered as the body’s blueprint. The genes in the deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)…

Genetic Evolution

Sexual reproduction produces distinct population variations. Heredity determines the traits and qualities to be passed down to the progeny. Over time, this variation within-species is also affected by the process of human evolution. The study of how genetic variation leads to evolutionary changes is known as genetic evolution. If a trait helps an organism to survive and reproduce, it is more likely to be passed down the generations. It is rare that such traits result in a completely distinct set of traits in descendants than the ancestral population; this can result in the emergence of a new species.