Chapter 4
Summary:
From both the title of the chapter and the introduction by Dr. Shubin, this chapter begins with a focus on teeth. Because the function of teeth is to break down food before it enters the esophagus, the different shapes of teeth can represent many different things about the organism it belongs to including what type of eater it was (carnivore, herbivore, or omnivore). Teeth are the hardest tissue (not bone) in the human body and therefore fossilize well. As Dr. Shubin stated in chapter one, there must be many points that permit a fossil to make any kind of scientific conclusion. Obviously, the state of their presence is important, so the fact that teeth preserve well allows for them to be great specimens for analysis. Dr. Shubin and his team analyzed fossilized teeth in areas as different as Nova Scotia and the Arizona desert. Studying different fossils in these diverse regions allowed the team to see that mammalian and reptilian teeth are very different. For example, mammalian teeth differ from organism to organism to fit with the organisms need (Cheetahs that eat only meat will have different teeth than deer who are herbivores) and are replaced only once in the lifetime of the organism while reptilian teeth are usually sharp and are constantly replaced if damaged. These differences allowed scientists to characterize fossils as either a reptile or a mammal. Similar to Tiktaalik discussed in chapter one, the discovery of fossils that were part reptile and part mammal allowed the researchers to see that mammals evolved from reptiles, and further supported the theory of evolution. Further studies yielded even more
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The Tritheledont, found in rocks that, according to the law of superposition were 190 million years old, had teeth and other skin features such as scales like mammals and reptiles, respectively.
We use fossils to compare and contrast how and organism has evolved over a long period of time and how it has adapted to new changes.
The fossil of Tiktaalik confirmed a major prediction of paleontology as it shows the characteristics
Fossils provide a record of how organisms have evolved overtime, as they contain the remains of life trapped in sediment, ice or amber and preserved for over millions of years. Transitional fossils, which provide evidence for evolutionary change, have features that show the transition of characteristics of organisms from ancestors to descendents. An example is Archaeopteryx, which featured reptilian features, including teeth and skeleton, however, also had feathers and a wishbone sternum (used to attach muscles for flying). The evidence of the fossil shows the evolutionary transition between dinosaurs and
In the science of paleontology, the history of life is studied. Paleontologists study fossils to learn the past ecologies, evolution, and the origins of humans. In order to understand the processes that have led to both the origination and destruction of organisms since life began, paleontologists incorporate both scientific knowledge and studies. Fossil findings are critically important for confirming predictions of evolution theory. Of the many discoveries that are made yearly to add depth to the understanding of evolution, an example is a recent discovery of a creature they named Tiktaalik. The Tiktaalik was uncovered to be a transitional animal between shallow-water fishes and limbed animals. The creature supports the idea that it emerged from both mammals and reptiles, suggesting that the two are related. These findings support prediction of evolution, contradicting the belief that God
Stensen wrote his paper in 1667 about his findings in the teeth of a shark head and compared that to the fossil teeth. In the reading, it provided us six hypotheses explaining the formation of fossils. Which led to the foundation of paleontology.
Though teeth may seem to be rather small, Torices and the other researchers say the teeth are the key to reconstructing the dinosaurs lives, especially in Europe during the Late Cretaceous
Fossils are very important for the study of evolution, for they provide a record of how groups of organisms have been evolving throughout the years. Fossils of the same group of organisms show gradual changes over periods of time, and archaeologists use that to determine how they have evolved. They can also
When you lose teeth for whatever reason, the best thing that you can do for your oral health is to have those teeth that you’ve lost replaced with dental implants. Not replacing your teeth will be horrible for your oral health, and it will also greatly affect your physical appearance. It will affect your appearance because you will begin to lose bone and gum tissue that surround the teeth you’ve lost. Losing bone and gum tissue will cause your jaw to shrink and your appearance to be affected.
The reading passage states that paleontologists intentionally split a fossilized bone of a 70 million-year-old dinosaur, called T-Rex, and discovered several substances that might be the original tissue of the dinosaur, such as blood vessels, red blood cells, and collagen. However, the lecturer casts doubt on it and provides conclusive evidence to support his statement.
The teeth are the hardest substances in the human body. They are built for biting, grinding and chewing, teeth are composed with most prominent inorganic minerals like calcium and phosphorus. Every tooth is embedded in a socket called gum and are made up of four different types of tissue: enamel, cementum, pulp and dentin. The enamel which is the hardest, white outer part of the tooth covers the crown which is placed above the gum. The cementum, coats the roots of the teeth firmly to the gums and jawbone. At the very centre between dentin and cementum, called pulp, where connective tissue, blood vessels and nerves are located. Dentin makes up most the tooth, guarding teeth from the wear and tear of chewing, protects against temperature changes and
All in the all, figure one indicates that diet quality shapes molar area. The primates with larger molar area had lower diet quality scores and the primates with smaller molar areas, had greater diet quality scores. This supports my hypothesis that molar area is positively correlated and relative to diet quality. Lower quality diets require bigger teeth to break it down. This diet can consist of seeds and leaves. Lower quality diets tend to not provide as much energy and nutrients. In contrast, high diet quality is correlated with smaller molar area. High quality diet consists of fruits, meat and much more. Smaller molars are needed to chew the food that larger incisors break down. Using the equation provided in figure one, predictions can be made about the diets of the fossil species. When plugged into the
The newly found dinosaur is estimated to be 30 feet long, a plant eater and is a member of the duck-billed dinosaurs. Gregory M. Erickson, a professor at Florida State University and also one of the researchers working on the Alaskan site, describes that it had “at least 1,000 teeth with coarse surfaces perfect for pulverizing plants” and had “crests along its back like Godzilla” (Erickson, 2015). It is interesting how paleontologists could determine whether a certain fossil was herbivore or carnivore when they were still alive by just looking at teeth. The article also mentions that it is probably covered in scales and that it could walk in all fours. This is also another example on how paleontologists can analyze and observe a fossil and
Teeth is an amazing story filled with drama, life lessons and more. The story being on a remote island adds to the mood of the story. Hannah did a great job at making you able to visualize every scene. I recommend this novel to anyone who like fiction, jaw dropping stories that will leave you totally in shock.
Teething is a typical part of a child's healthy growing. Getting teeth can cause agony and inconvenience, which can be unpleasant for your infant. There is an assortment of approaches to mitigate torment caused by getting teeth. You can utilize an assortment of home cures or look for outside medicinal care. Did you realize that a few children are really conceived with teeth as of now developed? What a sight! Be that as it may, for most infants, getting teeth happens at some point in the main year, regularly almost 6 months. It's no joke, either. Getting teeth torment can transform even the most casual infant into a chaotic situation.
A burning car raises questions and has Gardai searching for a kindapper Danny Dempsey forcing him into hiding. Noel and Teeth get increasingly anxious and confront Frank about Danny leading Frank to confront Corrina about Danny. Noel and teeth head to the boxing hall in search of him and are met with Ben and then leave. A broken Annette eats with Dessie and are annoyingly interrupted by Frank noticeably agitating Dessie forcing him to work, where his workers notice his manner is somewhat off. At the car dealers Frank’s stock is being checked which angers him so he goes to the beach where he reflects. Corrina goes to the boxing hall where she rings Danny to no avail. Two young boys walk along the train tracks toward their hut by the shore were