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The Library of the World’s Best Literature. An Anthology in Thirty Volumes. 1917.
Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet de Lamarck (1744–1829)
Lamarck, Jean Baptiste Pierre Antoine de Monet, Chevalier de (lä-märk’). A celebrated French naturalist; born at Barentin, Aug. 1, 1744; died at Paris, Dec. 18, 1829. His ‘French Flora’ (3 vols., 1778) became the basis of De Candolle’s more celebrated work. He wrote also an ‘Encyclopædic Tableau of Botany’ (3 vols., 1791–1823) and a ‘Natural History of Plants’ (15 vols., 1802). His most celebrated work, ‘History of the Invertebrates,’ appeared in 1815–22 in seven volumes. His theoretical views are expounded in his ‘Zoölogical Philosophy’ (2 vols., 1809): there he attacks the doctrine of the immutability of species, and lays the scientific foundations of what later was called the development theory of the origin of species.