The compound shown below can be depicted by two different Lewis structures. The rules for valence electron octets apply for all atoms except hydrogen. a) Draw these two Lewis structures (be sure to show all bonding and non- bonding electrons as well as any formal charges). b) Explain what relationship is between these two structures. c) Explain which of these structures is most important. d) For your most important structure, predict bond angles and atom hybridization. H2C*CHO

The compound shown below can be depicted by two different Lewis structures. The rules for valence electron octets apply for all atoms except hydrogen. a) Draw these two Lewis structures (be sure to show all bonding and non- bonding electrons as well as any formal charges). b) Explain what relationship is between these two structures. c) Explain which of these structures is most important. d) For your most important structure, predict bond angles and atom hybridization. H2C*CHO

Introductory Chemistry: A Foundation

9th Edition

ISBN:9781337399425

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter12: Chemical Bonding

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 37CR

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In the Lewis structure for chloromethane, the chlorine atom is sharing _____ electron pair and “owns” _____ of those electrons. Also, the chlorine atom possesses two electrons from each of _____ unshared pairs. The total number of electrons that belong to chlorine is 7 . Chlorine is a Group ____ element. The formal charge on chlorine in chloromethane is ____.
the formal charges on all the atoms in the following Lewis diagrams. Which one would best represent bonding in the molecule Cl2O ?
The molecular ion S3N3 has the cyclic structure All SN bonds are equivalent. (a) Give six equivalent resonance hybrid Lewis diagrams for this molecular ion. (b) Compute the formal charges on all atoms in the molecular ion in each of the six Lewis diagrams. (c) Determine the charge on each atom in the polyatomic ion, assuming that the true distribution of electrons is the average of the six Lewis diagrams arrived at in parts (a) and (b). (d) An advanced calculation suggests that the actual charge resident on each N atom is 0.375 and on each S atom is +0.041 . Show that this result is consistent with the overall +1 charge on the molecular ion.
What is the maximum number of atoms to which a central atom in a molecule can bond and still conform to the octet rule? What is the minimum number?
Draw three resonance structures for CS,. This species has its three atoms bonded sequentially in the following fashion: S-C-S. Draw your resonance structures so that the atoms in them are bonded together in this order. Select the most important resonance structure for this species based on the formal charges on the atoms of the three resonance structures you have drawn. Select the choices from below which make the statements true about this (most important) resonance structure. (a) The leftmost bond (between S and C) is a single v bond. (b) The rightmost bond (between C and S) is a single v bond. (c) The formal charge on the leftmost (S) atom is -Select-v (d) The formal charge on the central (C) atom is -Select---v (e) The formal charge on the rightmost (S) atom is Select-v (f) The number of nonbonding pairs (lone pairs) of electrons in the leftmost (S) atom is Select-v pairs. (g) The number of nonbonding (lone) pairs of electrons in the rightmost (S) atom is -Select-- v pairs.
Using molecular models, construct the following molecules/polyatomic ions, and write their Lewis formulas. Record the following information for each in your laboratory notebook. a) Molecule or ionb) # of valence electronsc) Lewis structured) Draw any resonance structures if applicablee) Calculate all formal charges for molecules that have resonance structuresf) For molecules that have resonance structures identify, which resonance structure contributes the most to the hybrid? 1.PH3 2 HCN 3.PO4 3-
Writing Lewis Structures Many Lewis structures can be drawn by inspection but a system helps to draw the more complex ones. One approach is too : 1. Draw a skeleton of the major (non-hydrogen) atoms with single bonds ( lines) between each one. Several general considerations will help produce a valid skeletal diagram. normal covalency number or number of bonds that each atom forms. Consider the For the major atoms these are : Element Bond(s) HYDROGEN 1 BORON 3 ALUMINUM 3 CARBON | 4 NITROGEN 3 OXYGEN 2 HALOGENS 1 Also note that hydrogen, boron, aluminum and the halogens seldom form multiple bond.
Boranes are a class of chemical compounds that undergo combustion reactions that are very similar to the reactions of hydrocarbons but they release more heat. If they were not so expensive, they would be considered for rocket fuel. The structure of diborane is shown below. It “breaks rules” in terms of its Lewis structure. The “rule breaking” part is referred to as a “banana bond”. a) Explain why it breaks rules. b) Using the combustion of a hydrocarbon as your guide, predict the equation for the combustion of diborane. Balance the equation you predict.
Answer the questions in the table below about the shape of the phosgene (COCI,) molecule. How many electron groups are around the central carbon atom? Note: one "electron group" means one lone pair, one single bond, one double bond, or one triple bond. What phrase best describes the arrangement of these electron groups around the central carbon atom? (You may need to use the scrollbar to see all the choices.) (choose one)
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