Chemistry: Matter and Change
Chemistry: Matter and Change
1st Edition
ISBN: 9780078746376
Author: Dinah Zike, Laurel Dingrando, Nicholas Hainen, Cheryl Wistrom
Publisher: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill School Pub Co
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Chapter 14, Problem 118A

Compare Which of the following solutions has thehighest concentration? Rank the solutions from thegreatest to the smallest boiling point depression. Explainyour answer.
a. 0.10 mol NaBr in 100.0 mL solution
b. 2.1 mol KOH in 1.00 L solution
c. 1.2 mol K M n O 4 in 3.00 L solution

Expert Solution & Answer
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Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

The solution having greatest boiling pointelevationhave to be identified.

Concept introduction:

Elevation of boiling point: The boiling point is a temperature at which temperature the vapour pressure of the liquid is equal to the atmospheric pressure or external pressure. When a non-volatile, non-electrolyte solute is added to a solvent, the boiling point of the resulting solution will increase.

For nonvolatile and nonelectrolyte solutes, the elevation of the boiling point is directly proportional to molality of the solution.

Boiling point elevation ΔTb=Kb×m

Answer to Problem 118A

KOH contributes the greatest number of particles to solution. As, higher the number of solute particles in the solution greater will bethe boiling point elevation. So, KOH has the greatest boiling point elevation and KMnO4has the smallest boiling point elevation as it has the lowest concentration.

Explanation of Solution

For a solution, elevation of boiling point is a colligative property and it depends on the number of solute particles or the concentration of the solution. Upon addition of a non-volatile, non-electrolyte solute to the solvent, the boiling point of the resulting solution will increase. So, first the concentration of the individual solution have to calculate.

  1. 0.10 mol NaBr in 100.0 mL solution
  2. Molarity of NaBr solution=Numberofmolesof NaBr Volume of the solution(inlitre)=0.10mole 0.10litre=1.0M

  3. 2.1 mol KOH in 1.00 L solution
  4. Molarity of KOH solution=Numberofmolesof KOH Volume of the solution(inlitre)=2.1mole 1.0litre=2.1M

  5. 1.2 mol KMnO4 in 3.00 L solution

Molarity of KMnO4 solution=Numberofmolesof KMnO4 Volume of the solution(inlitre)=1.2mole 3.0litre=0.4M

Because the concentration of KOH solution is highest among them. KOH contributes the greatest number of particles to solution. As, higher the number of solute particles in the solution greater will bethe boiling point elevation. So, KOH has the greatest boiling point elevation and KMnO4has the smallest boiling point elevation as it has the lowest concentration.

Chapter 14 Solutions

Chemistry: Matter and Change

Ch. 14.2 - Prob. 11PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 12PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 13PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 14PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 15PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 16PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 17PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 18PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 19PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 20PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 21PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 22PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 23PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 24PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 25PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 26PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 27PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 28PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 29PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 30PPCh. 14.2 - Prob. 31SSCCh. 14.2 - Prob. 32SSCCh. 14.2 - Prob. 33SSCCh. 14.2 - Prob. 34SSCCh. 14.2 - Prob. 35SSCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 36PPCh. 14.3 - Prob. 37PPCh. 14.3 - Prob. 38PPCh. 14.3 - Prob. 39SSCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 40SSCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 41SSCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 42SSCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 43SSCCh. 14.3 - Prob. 44SSCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 45PPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 46PPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 47PPCh. 14.4 - Prob. 48SSCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 49SSCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 50SSCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 51SSCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 52SSCCh. 14.4 - Prob. 53SSCCh. 14 - Prob. 54ACh. 14 - What is the difference between a solute and a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 56ACh. 14 - Prob. 57ACh. 14 - Prob. 58ACh. 14 - Prob. 59ACh. 14 - Prob. 60ACh. 14 - Prob. 61ACh. 14 - Prob. 62ACh. 14 - Prob. 63ACh. 14 - Prob. 64ACh. 14 - How do 0.5M and 2.0M aqueous solutions of NaCl...Ch. 14 - Prob. 66ACh. 14 - Prob. 67ACh. 14 - Prob. 68ACh. 14 - Prob. 69ACh. 14 - Prob. 70ACh. 14 - Prob. 71ACh. 14 - Prob. 72ACh. 14 - Prob. 73ACh. 14 - How much CaCl2 , in grams, is needed to make 2.0 L...Ch. 14 - Stock solutions of HCl with various molarities are...Ch. 14 - Prob. 76ACh. 14 - Prob. 77ACh. 14 - Prob. 78ACh. 14 - If you dilute 20.0 mL of a 3.5M solution to...Ch. 14 - Prob. 80ACh. 14 - Prob. 81ACh. 14 - Prob. 82ACh. 14 - Prob. 83ACh. 14 - What is the mole fraction of H 2 S O 4 in a...Ch. 14 - Prob. 85ACh. 14 - Prob. 86ACh. 14 - Prob. 87ACh. 14 - Prob. 88ACh. 14 - Prob. 89ACh. 14 - Prob. 90ACh. 14 - Prob. 91ACh. 14 - Prob. 92ACh. 14 - Prob. 93ACh. 14 - Prob. 94ACh. 14 - Prob. 95ACh. 14 - Prob. 96ACh. 14 - Prob. 97ACh. 14 - Prob. 98ACh. 14 - Prob. 99ACh. 14 - In the lab, you dissolve 179 g of MgCl2 into1.00 L...Ch. 14 - Cooking A cook prepares a solution for boiling by...Ch. 14 - Prob. 102ACh. 14 - Ice Cream A rock salt (NaCl), ice, and water...Ch. 14 - Apply your knowledge of polarity and solubility...Ch. 14 - Prob. 105ACh. 14 - Which solute has the greatest effect on the...Ch. 14 - Study Table 14.4. Analyze solubility and...Ch. 14 - Prob. 108ACh. 14 - If you prepared a saturated aqueous solution of...Ch. 14 - How many grams of calcium nitrate (Ca(NO3)2)...Ch. 14 - Prob. 111ACh. 14 - Prob. 112ACh. 14 - Prob. 113ACh. 14 - Prob. 114ACh. 14 - Infer Dehydration occurs when more fluid is lost...Ch. 14 - Graph Table 14.10 shows solubility data that was...Ch. 14 - Design an Experiment You are given a sample of a...Ch. 14 - Compare Which of the following solutions has...Ch. 14 - Prob. 119ACh. 14 - Prob. 120ACh. 14 - Prob. 121ACh. 14 - Prob. 122ACh. 14 - Prob. 123ACh. 14 - Prob. 124ACh. 14 - Prob. 125ACh. 14 - Prob. 126ACh. 14 - Prob. 127ACh. 14 - Prob. 128ACh. 14 - Prob. 129ACh. 14 - Prob. 1STPCh. 14 - Prob. 2STPCh. 14 - Prob. 3STPCh. 14 - Prob. 4STPCh. 14 - Prob. 5STPCh. 14 - Prob. 6STPCh. 14 - Prob. 7STPCh. 14 - Prob. 8STPCh. 14 - Prob. 9STPCh. 14 - Prob. 10STPCh. 14 - Prob. 11STPCh. 14 - Prob. 12STPCh. 14 - Prob. 13STPCh. 14 - Prob. 14STPCh. 14 - Prob. 15STPCh. 14 - Prob. 16STPCh. 14 - Prob. 17STPCh. 14 - Prob. 18STPCh. 14 - Prob. 19STP
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Solutions: Crash Course Chemistry #27; Author: Crash Course;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9h2f1Bjr0p4;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY