Life: The Science of Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781319010164
Author: David E. Sadava, David M. Hillis, H. Craig Heller, Sally D. Hacker
Publisher: W. H. Freeman
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Chapter 19.2, Problem 1R
Summary Introduction
To review:
The way in which cytoplasmic segregation results in the polarity in a fertilized egg and its effect in the determination of cell fate.
Introduction:
The unequal cytokinesis after cell division plays an important role in signaling cascades. They are generally called cytoplasmic determinants and are found to be present in some daughter cells or cell regions, but not in all cells.
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Life: The Science of Biology
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- Overall, meiosis and mitosis are analogous processes involving many of the same proteins. However, some proteins function uniquely in each of these cell-division events. Explain the meiosis-specific function of the following: (a) Ime2, (b) Rec8, (c) monopolin.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements are true regarding mitosis in humans? 23 pairs of homologous chromosomes are separated four haploid gametes are produced in males 46 pairs of homologous chromosomes are separated two genetically identical daughter cells are produced 23 pairs of sister chromatids are separated 46pairs of sister chromatids are separated 1 haploid gamete and 2 polar bodies are produced in femalesarrow_forwardHow does the number of chromosomes in the original cell of mitosis compare with the two daughter cells at end mitosis?arrow_forward
- How does mitosis maintain 46 chromosomes in daughter cells, while meiosis reduces the number to 23 in the daughter cells?arrow_forwardMitosis differs from meiosis in the following ways EXCEPT:(a) Mitosis results in a full complement of chromosomesin two cells, whereas meiosis results in four cells havinghalf the number of chromosomes.(b) In mitosis, all chromosomes are replicated, whereas inmeiosis, only half are replicated.(c) Mitosis only occurs in somatic or body cells, whereasmeiosis occurs in production of gametes or sex cells.(d) None of the above.(e) a and c onlyarrow_forwardAsymmetric cell division often relies on cytoskeletal elements to generate or maintain the asymmetric distribution of cellular factors. In S. cerevisiae, what factor is localized to the bud by myosin motors? In Drosophila neuroblasts, what factors are localized apically by microtubules?arrow_forward
- What is the definition of mitosis? What are the phases of mitosis? What are general features of each phase of mitosis?arrow_forwardQuestion 1) which cytoskeleton supports the cilia in moving mucous laden with foreign particles? Question 2) What will happen in a cell if the DNA ligase gene is mutated Question 3) Describe how is prophase mitosis different from prophase of meiosis I? Question 4) What happens to acetylcholine after it evoked activation of nicotinic acteylcholine receptors in the neuromusclar function?arrow_forwardWhat materials provide the substance of a densely staining chromosomes present during mitosis?arrow_forward
- Somatic cells of chimpanzees contain 48 chromosomes.How many chromatids and chromosomes are present at: (a) anaphase of mitosis, (b) anaphase I ofmeiosis, (c) anaphase II of meiosis, (d) G1 priorto mitosis, (e) G2 prior to mitosis, (f) G1 prior tomeiosis I, and (g) prophase of meiosis I?How many chromatids or chromosomes are presentin: (h) an oogonial cell prior to S phase, (i) a spermatid, (j) a primary oocyte arrested prior to ovulation,(k) a secondary oocyte arrested prior to fertilization,(l) a second polar body, and (m) a chimpanzee sperm?arrow_forwardNon-disjunction during melosis can lead to several chromosomal disorders. When can non-disjunction occur? Telophase lor Telophase II Cytokinesis )Anaphase I only Anaphase lonly )Anaphase I orAnaphasellarrow_forwardConsider a diploid organism with 18 chromosomes. Answer each question on a per cell basis. How many chromosomes are there during metaphase? How many functional centromeres are there during anaphase? How many chromosomes are there during telophase I after cytokinesis? How many chromosomes are there during prophase II? How many chromatids are there in anaphase II? How many kinds of chromosomes are there?arrow_forward
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