Chemistry for Engineering Students
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781337398909
Author: Lawrence S. Brown, Tom Holme
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 9, Problem 8CO
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Chemistry for Engineering Students
Ch. 9 - Explain the economic importance of conversions...Ch. 9 - • define work and beat using the standard sign...Ch. 9 - • define state functions and explain their...Ch. 9 - • state the first law of thermodynamics in words...Ch. 9 - • use calorimetric data to obtain values for E and...Ch. 9 - • define Hfo and write formation reactions for...Ch. 9 - • explain Hess’s law in your own words.Ch. 9 - • calculate H for chemical reactions from...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.1PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.2PAE
Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.3PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.4PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.5PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.6PAECh. 9 - Define the term internal energy.Ch. 9 - How fast (in meters per second) must an iron ball...Ch. 9 - What is the kinetic energy of a single molecule of...Ch. 9 - 9.10 The kinetic energy of molecules is often used...Ch. 9 - 9.11 Analyze the units of the quantity...Ch. 9 - 9.12 How many kilojoules are equal to 3.27 L atm...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.13PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.14PAECh. 9 - 9.15 Carry out the following conversions of energy...Ch. 9 - 9.16 According to Figure 9.2, the total energy...Ch. 9 - 9.17 If a machine does 4.8103kJ of work after an...Ch. 9 - 9.18 Calculate (a) q when a system does 54J of...Ch. 9 - 9.19 If the algebraic sign of E is negative, in...Ch. 9 - 9.20 State the first law of thermodynamics briefly...Ch. 9 - 9.21 Which type of energy heat or work, is valued...Ch. 9 - 9.12 PV-work occurs when volume changes and...Ch. 9 - 9.23 Which system does not work: (a) E=436J ,...Ch. 9 - 9.29 In which case is heat added to the system:...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.25PAECh. 9 - 9.26 Gas furnaces have achieved impressive...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.27PAECh. 9 - 9.28 When an electrical appliance whose power...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.29PAECh. 9 - 9.30 For the example of shallow water and sandy...Ch. 9 - 9.31 A metal radiator is made from 26.0 kg of...Ch. 9 - 9.32 The material typically used to heat metal...Ch. 9 - 9.33 Copper wires used to transport electrical...Ch. 9 - 9.34 A copper nail and an iron nail of the same...Ch. 9 - 9.35 A piece of titanium metal with a mass of 20.8...Ch. 9 - 9.36 Define the term calibration.Ch. 9 - 9.37 A calorimeter contained 75.0 g of water at...Ch. 9 - 9.38 The energy densities of various types of coal...Ch. 9 - 9.39 How much thermal energy is required to heat...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.40PAECh. 9 - 9.41 Under what conditions does the enthalpy...Ch. 9 - 9.42 Why is enthalpy generally more useful than...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.43PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.44PAECh. 9 - 9.45 What happens to the temperature of a material...Ch. 9 - 9.46 The heat of fusion of pure silicon is 43.4...Ch. 9 - 9.47 If 14.8 kJ of heat is given off when 1.6 g of...Ch. 9 - 9.48 Calculate the energy required to convert 1.70...Ch. 9 - 9.49 Hvap=31.3 kJ/mol for acetone. If 1.40 kg of...Ch. 9 - 9.50 When a 13.0-g sample of NaOH(s) dissolves in...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.51PAECh. 9 - 9.52 Write the formation reaction for each of the...Ch. 9 - 9.53 Using these reactions, find the standard...Ch. 9 - 9.54 The phase change between graphite and diamond...Ch. 9 - 9.55 Hydrogen gas will react with either acetylene...Ch. 9 - 9.56 Using heats of formation tabulated in...Ch. 9 - 9.57 The heat of combustion of butane is —2877...Ch. 9 - 9.58 For the reaction C2H2(g)+2H2(g)C2H6,H=136 kJ....Ch. 9 - 9.59 For the reaction N2(g)+O2(g)2NO(g),H=180.5kJ...Ch. 9 - 9.60 Nitroglycenne, C3H5(NO3)3( l ), is an...Ch. 9 - 9.61 Silane, SiH4, burns according to the...Ch. 9 - 9.62 Sulfur trioxide can be removed from the...Ch. 9 - 9.63 Reactions of hydrocarhons are often studied...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.64PAECh. 9 - 9.65 When 0.0157 g of a compound with a heat of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.66PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.67PAECh. 9 - 9.68 What are some features of petroleum that make...Ch. 9 - 9.69 How are the roles of transmission substations...Ch. 9 - 9.70 Residential electric service in the United...Ch. 9 - 9.71 In recent years, the notion of a “smart grid”...Ch. 9 - 9.72 Although it can be a nuisance when a laptop...Ch. 9 - 9.73 Without looking up any numerical data or...Ch. 9 - 9.74 Without looking up any numerical data or...Ch. 9 - 9.75 Explain why each of the following chemical...Ch. 9 - 9.76 Which of the following are state functions?...Ch. 9 - 9.77 When a reaction is exothermic, is the sum of...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.78PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.79PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.80PAECh. 9 - 9.81 A substance has the following properties:...Ch. 9 - 9.82 The specific heat of gold is 0.13 J g-1 K-1...Ch. 9 - 9.83 A student performing a calorimetry experiment...Ch. 9 - 9.84 Some claim it would be more logical to use...Ch. 9 - 9.85 The figure below shows a "self-cooling"...Ch. 9 - 9.86 You make some iced tea by dropping 134 g of...Ch. 9 - 9.87 What will be the final temperature of a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.88PAECh. 9 - 9.89 A sample of gas is 80.0% CH4 and 20.0% C2H6...Ch. 9 - 9.90 Many engineering designs must incorporate...Ch. 9 - 9.91 You want to heat the air in your house with...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.92PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.93PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.94PAECh. 9 - 9.95 How much heat is required to convert 250 g of...Ch. 9 - 9.96 Most first aid "cold packs" are based on the...Ch. 9 - 9.97 Suppose that the working fluid inside an...Ch. 9 - 9.98 Hydrogen combines with oxygen in fuel cells...Ch. 9 - 9.99 The chemical reaction...Ch. 9 - 9.100 Two baking sheets are made of different...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.101PAECh. 9 - 9.102 A runner generates 418 kJ of energy per...Ch. 9 - 9.103 One reason why the energy density of a fuel...Ch. 9 - 9.104 An engineer is using sodium metal as a...Ch. 9 - Prob. 9.105PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.106PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.107PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.108PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.109PAECh. 9 - Prob. 9.110PAE
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- What mass of acetylene, C2H2(g), must be burned to produce 3420 kJ of heat, given that its enthalpy of combustion is 1301 kJ/mol? Compare this with the answer to Exercise 5.91 and determine which substance produces more heat per gram.arrow_forwardFor the reaction HgO(s)Hg(l)+12O2(g),H=+90.7kJ: a.What quantity of heat is required to produce 1 mole of mercury by this reaction? b.What quantity of heat is required to produce 1 mole of oxygen gas by this reaction? c.What quantity of heat would be released in the following reaction as written? 2Hg(l) + O2(g) 2HgO(s)arrow_forwardHow many kilojoules of heat will be released when exactly 1 mole of iron, Fe, is burned to form Fe2O3(s) at standard state conditions?arrow_forward
- Given the following reactions, N2H4(l)+O2(g)N2(g)+2H2O(g)H=534.2kJ H2(g)+12 O2(g)H2O(g)H=241.8kJ Calculate the heat of formation of hydrazine.arrow_forward9.41 Under what conditions does the enthalpy change equal the heat of a process?arrow_forwardAssume 200. mL of 0.400 M HCl is mixed with 200. mL of 0.400 M NaOH in a coffee-cup calorimeter The temperature of the solutions before mixing was 25.10 C; after mixing and allowing the reaction to occur, the temperature is 27.78 C. What is the enthalpy change when one mole of acid is neutralized? (Assume that the densities of all solutions are 1.00 g/mL and their specific heat capacities are 4.20 J/g K.)arrow_forward
- How much heat is produced by combustion of 125 g of methanol under standard state conditions?arrow_forwardA 0.470-g sample of magnesium reacts with 200 g dilute HCl in a coffee-cup calorimeter to form MgCl2(aq) and H2(g). The temperature increases by 10.9 C as the magnesium reacts. Assume that the mixture has the same specific heat as water and a mass of 200 g. (a) Calculate the enthalpy change for the reaction. Is the process exothermic or endothermic? (b) Write the chemical equation and evaluate H.arrow_forwardThe standard enthalpy of formation of solid barium oxide, BaO, is 553.5 kJ/mol, and the standard enthalpy of formation of barium peroxide, BaO2, is 634.3 kJ/mol. (a) Calculate the standard enthalpy change for the following reaction. Is the reaction exothermic or endothermic? 2 BaO2(s) 2 BaO(s) + O2(g) (b) Draw an energy level diagram that shows the relationship between the enthalpy change of the decomposition of BaO2, to BaO and O2, and the enthalpies of formation of BaO2(s) and BaO2(s).arrow_forward
- Give the definition of the standard enthalpy of formation for a substance. Write separate reactions for the formation of NaCl, H2O , C6H12O6, and PbSO4 that have H values equal to Hf for each compound.arrow_forwardWhat mass of carbon monoxide must be burned to produce 175 kJ of heat under standard state conditions?arrow_forwardSalicylic acid, C7H6O3, is one of the starting materials in the manufacture of aspirin. When 1.00 g of salicylic acid burns in a bomb calorimeter, the temperature of the bomb and water goes from 23.11C to 28.91C. The calorimeter and water absorb 21.9 kJ of heat. How much heat is given off when one mole of salicylic acid burns?arrow_forward
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